Britain has seen a series of high-profile convictions for organised group-based child sexual exploitation, commonly referred to as “grooming gangs.” However, the number of convictions amounts to a small proportion of the men who carried out the crimes.
Perpetrators from Pakistani Muslim and other Muslim backgrounds form the core of the rape gangs nationwide. Their horrendous criminal acts against white children are religiously and racially based, and the number of instances is proportional to the number of immigrants entering the UK.
The number of reported rapes in the United Kingdom, for example, has risen substantially since 1997, when the era of large-scale mass immigration into the country commenced under Tony Blair.
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Last year, Rupert Lowe MP (Restore Britain) launched a campaign to raise funds to hold an independent national inquiry into the UK’s Muslim rape gangs. This year, the victim-led Rape Gang Inquiry was held, during which testimonies from victims, parents, carers, politicians, a variety of experts and whistle-blowers were heard over ten days, from 2 February to 12 February. On 16 June 2026, the Inquiry released its report.
Beginning on page 106, the report describes the ‘Demographics and Culture’ of rape gang members. We have republished the entire section below, excluding details of the sources used. You can read the full report HERE.
Demographics and Culture
Perpetrators from Pakistani Muslim and other Muslim backgrounds formed the core of the rape gangs nationwide.
They operated under an honour and shame clan code that treated non-Muslim girls, especially white working-class girls, as property available for sexual use because these girls had no male protectors who could retaliate. The men began by showering the girls with attention, gifts, alcohol, and drugs. This then escalated to coercion, gang rape, and trafficking. They transported victims across towns, shared them with friends and family, and sometimes forced conversions to Islam followed by religious marriages. The Muslim men justified the abuse by describing White British girls as “easy,” “trash” or morally inferior. The same networks targeted Sikh girls until Sikh communities mobilised collective male protection and forced the gangs to withdraw. British girls were not permitted such a defence. This religiously framed exploitation was repeated in every major town and city and beyond.
Britain has seen a series of high-profile convictions for organised group-based child sexual exploitation, commonly referred to as “grooming gangs.” However, the number of convictions amount only to a small proportion of the men who carried out the crimes.
In cases where perpetrators of Pakistani heritage were named publicly in court records or reports, their names have consistently been Muslim in character. According to the 2021 Census for England and Wales, around 93% of individuals identifying as Pakistani by ethnicity also identified as Muslim, with only about 1% following another religion (the remainder having no faith recorded).
Researcher Peter McLoughlin in Easy Meat (2016) compiled a comprehensive list of grooming gang convictions from 1997 to 2018 (with updates in subsequent analyses), drawing from published court outcomes. His examination of names indicated that approximately 87% of those convicted bore distinctively Muslim names, which was a figure echoed in related analyses far exceeding the Muslim proportion (around 6%) of the general population of Britain.
The majority of these convicted groups consisted entirely of men from Muslim backgrounds. These groups are predominantly of Pakistani heritage, especially when the group exceeds ten or more members. The larger group size dynamic of Pakistani perpetrators is on display in major prosecutions and official reviews from locations such as Rochdale, Rotherham, Huddersfield, Oxford, Telford, and others.
Other convictions have involved groups primarily composed of Muslims from non-Pakistani origins, demonstrating that the issue is not necessarily confined to one ethnic group:
- Two Somali-origin gangs in Bristol.
- A mainly African-heritage gang in Banbury.
- Three Iranians in Chelmsford.
- Three Syrians and one Kuwaiti in Newcastle.
- Two Turkish men in Somerset.
- A Romanian rape gang in Rotherham.
- The large Newcastle “Operation Sanctuary” case, involving 17 men and one woman from diverse Muslim backgrounds: Albanian, Kurdish, Bangladeshi, Indian, Turkish, Iranian, Iraqi, Pakistani, and Eastern European heritage. Nearly all published names were Islamic.
These patterns are drawn from judicial proceedings, sentencing records, official inquiries (such as those into Rotherham, Rochdale, and others), and public reporting on concluded cases. Recent developments, including ongoing reviews and data audits (e.g., national audits and reopened historic cases), continue to examine the scale, characteristics, and patterns of such offending.
With regard to the scale of the crimes, this is reflected in conviction records, police data from relevant force areas, and audits – all of which note overrepresentation of South Asian/Pakistani-heritage men in certain group-based cases while acknowledging data limitations on ethnicity nationwide. Smaller non-Muslim groups often feature different dynamics or victim profiles compared with the classic multi-offender “grooming” model in larger operations.
The term “Asian” has frequently been applied in media, official statements, and public discourse to describe the perpetrators in grooming gang cases across Britain. This broad labelling can be misleading, however, because Britain hosts a substantial number of non-Muslim Asian populations, such as Hindus and Sikhs from India, Buddhists from Japan, and Christians from the Philippines and Vietnam. These populations have, with only very rare exceptions, had no involvement in these offences. In fact, members of these communities have more often appeared as victims than as perpetrators in the grooming gang cases that have come to light.
Dr. Ella Hill, a survivor of the Rotherham grooming gangs and now a qualified doctor, has courageously shared her experiences and reflections in multiple public forums, including testimony to the 2022 Jay Inquiry, a July 2020 podcast interview, and a 2018 article in The Independent. Her report is entirely consistent with the evidence that was heard at The Rape Gang Inquiry.
Following years of repeated sexual violence, severe beatings, and attempted murder by her abusers, her family members were forced to change their surnames and relocate to another part of the country so that she could complete her schooling and later pursue and obtain a medical degree.
In her accounts, Dr. Hill has consistently described the abuse as being both racially and religiously aggravated. She was explicitly told during the rapes that the attacks were happening because she was white and because she was Christian.
She explained that she was initially groomed and then trafficked by a Pakistani Muslim boyfriend to groups of Muslim men. She was repeatedly taken to various houses and flats where she was raped, physically assaulted, and tortured. Even after she tried to escape and hide, her main perpetrator tracked her down, broke into her home, and attempted to kill her on five separate occasions. She survived these attacks but was left with extensive lacerations and bruising.
On at least five occasions she approached the police, presenting medical evidence of her injuries, yet each time she was told there was nothing they could do and her evidence was not accepted.
Dr. Hill has emphasised that the verbal abuse she endured was saturated with both racial and religious slurs. While being beaten she was repeatedly called “a white slag,” “a white whore,” “a white cunt,” and simultaneously condemned as a non-Muslim who deserved punishment for failing to follow Islamic rules. Her abusers, she said, operated according to what she termed “Grooming Gang Ideology” under which they believed their crimes were religiously justified.
In fuller detail, in her submission incorporated into Associate Professor Lisa Oakley’s evidence to the 2022 Jay Inquiry, Dr. Hill stated:
“I was told that I must respect their religion. This was the first of many confusing lies that I was forced to believe. I was told that to show them (Muslims) respect, I mustn’t eat pork. I was told that Muslim girls are good and pure, and stay virgins until marriage, but all white girls are slags, and they all sleep with hundreds of people. I was told white girls are trash. They are all whores. They are lower than shit under your shoe. They don’t obey Allah, so they deserve to be punished. They don’t dress modestly. Muslim women are pure because they cover down to their ankles, and down to their wrists, and the hem of their top comes down below their knees. White girls show the curves of their body, so they are asking for it. They should be raped as punishment for not obeying Allah. Kaffir [non-Muslim] girls are worthless. Sex with a kaffir girl doesn’t count as adultery (only sex with a Muslim woman counts as adultery). If you’re not a virgin before marriage you should be beaten. Many times I was told that the Quran says, “If one of your wives disobeys you, beat her.” This was often quoted to me before they beat me with their hands. They believed they had a position of religious moral superiority over “nonbelievers.” They believed it was their duty to punish us, as they believed that doing so made them good Muslims. This is what they were taught by their mothers. They were taught that witches in Pakistan are blonde, so blondes are more evil, and they deserve worse punishment. I was told that in Islam, if a girl or woman looks at a man who isn’t her brother, father or her husband, then that means she wants to have sex with him. So I was told to look at the floor when I was around Muslim men. So when I did look at a waiter in a restaurant, I was then taken away to be gang raped as “punishment.” I was told that according to their faith community, girls are old enough for sex when they start their periods (at age eleven). Many of us had to endure the sexual act of ‘thighing’ [Arabic mufākhadhah] which I’m now told is a religiously-sanctioned way of molesting children according to some Islamic scriptures. (You have to lie down on your back with your legs straight together, and they straddle you and fuck between your thighs).
I was beaten, strangled, suffocated, and my head held under water, tortured, kicked, and raped over 100 times. I was told that if you don’t scream when you’re raped, then you’re consenting to the rape, so you should be stoned to death. I was told that Muslim girls know this (because the Quran says that Aisha’s silence was her consent to the marriage to Mohammed). So Muslim girls know to scream, but white girls don’t, so that’s their fault then, because they’re not Muslim. When I did wear a headscarf to try to protect myself from being raped, I was told to get it off, and they raped me again. (I now know that all these so-called “ways to protect yourself from being raped” are “rape-myths” used to excuse perpetrator’s criminal behaviour.)
They threatened to kill my parents if my parents tried to stop me seeing them. I was intimidated with guns, and threatened with body parts being cut off with knives. When I tried to escape I was told that I had offended their honour, so they had to spill my blood. They did this in an honour attack. All of the sexual abuse that I experienced was linked to spiritual abuse or religious abuse. Religious scriptures were used as tools of control to force me to conform to their will. I was not allowed to question these religious beliefs. They used their religious “moral authority” and self-proclaimed elitism to control me through use of scripture, forced confessions, censorship of decision making, requirement of secrecy and silence, isolation, excessive shaming and punishment around sexuality, and requiring unquestioning obedience. I experienced this as a deeply personal, terrifying physical, emotional and spiritual attack. Every time they quoted scripture it was very hard to argue with; to them it was like I was arguing with God. To me it was actually like I was arguing with the devil. They used their so-called “religious moral authority” to do the most horrific, immoral acts imaginable.”
The entirely typical experiences of survivors known as ‘Sarah’ and ‘Anna’ – both of whom were helped by the Christian Legal Centre – provide further illustration of the religious elements reported in some grooming gang cases.
Sarah endured a 12-year ordeal after being kidnapped from the street at the age of 15. During this period she was repeatedly drugged with Valium, beaten, and raped. At one point, her abuser presented her with a certificate from the mosque and declared that they were married according to Islamic rites. Later, he divorced her under sharia procedure simply by stating “I divorce you” three times. She was then immediately married in a ceremony conducted by an imam to a man she did not know. Within minutes of the ceremony ending, while the wedding party continued downstairs, she was raped by her new ‘husband.’
Over the years Sarah was subjected to eight forced abortions, one of them five months into pregnancy. When she accompanied her abuser to medical appointments, he required her to wear a hijab and walk five feet behind him. She was compelled to learn the Quran in Arabic and permitted to speak only Urdu and Punjabi. She was also made to cook and clean for the gang members who abused her.
Sarah made several unsuccessful attempts to escape. On one occasion, after she reported her kidnapping to the police, she was interviewed by a Muslim officer who switched off the tape recorder and instructed her to drop her allegations because of “lack of evidence.” She later learned that this officer was imprisoned for child sex offences.
In a separate case, Anna was living in a children’s home in Bradford in 2002. From the age of 13 she was raped and abused while in the home and at 15 she was forced into a sharia marriage. Her social worker attended the marriage ceremony and permitted her husband’s parents to foster her after she became pregnant; the parents received a fostering allowance from the state. Anna described her situation as one of “domestic slavery” in which she was treated “like a maid” and repeatedly sexually abused by dozens of men.In Britain, reports from the Metropolitan Police in London alone have indicated an average of 1,125 sexual assaults per year involving unlicensed taxi drivers. A significant proportion of the offenders in these cases have been identified as Muslim.
A further form of sexual exploitation associated with certain Muslim communities across Britain is marriage trafficking. The Forced Marriage Unit (FMU) handled 801 cases in 2024 concerning girls and women resident in the country who were forced into marriage with men, providing direct support in 229 of those instances.
Among the 280 cases where the focus country was recorded in 2023, the six countries accounting for the highest numbers were Pakistan (45%), Bangladesh (13%), Afghanistan (7%), India (3%), Somalia (3%), and Nigeria (2%). Of these six, all except India and Nigeria have overwhelmingly Muslim populations.
Earlier Home Office figures from 2009 showed that 90% of forced marriage victims in Britain were Muslim. In more recent years, however, the FMU has ceased collecting or publishing data on the religion of those involved – a shift that echoes patterns of avoidance seen during the grooming gang investigations.
An FMU report stated: “Forced marriage is not a problem specific to one country, religion or culture. … The FMU does not record data on religion; no major faith in the UK advocates forced marriage. Freely given consent is a prerequisite of Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim and Sikh marriages.”
Although forced marriage occurs in various communities and is not unique to Muslims, statistics show a clear overrepresentation of Muslims among those involved in forced marriage cases. It is also inaccurate to claim that Islam mandates a woman’s consent for marriage.
Similar patterns of sexual offences disproportionately involving Muslim men have been reported in other Western countries with significant Muslim immigrant populations.
In the Netherlands, considerable media coverage has focused on so-called “lover boys” who are predominantly Moroccan Muslim men. These individuals first seduce Dutch girls, often teenagers, and then coerce them into prostitution in order to profit from their earnings. According to a 2001 report by the Amsterdam based Child Right organisation, approximately 5,000 “ordinary” Dutch schoolgirls aged 13 or 14 from typical family backgrounds had been lured into prostitution by “lover boys.” The documentary film Lover Boys, directed by Julia Rooke, follows the work of Ibrahim, a Dutch Moroccan social worker supporting both the perpetrators and their victims.
In Sweden, a 2021 academic study examining “Swedish rape offenders” concluded that nearly half of the convicted individuals were born outside Sweden, with immigrants from the Middle East and North Africa being markedly overrepresented among them.
In Australia, nine Lebanese Muslim men were convicted in 2002 of gang-raping white girls. Contemporary media reports at the time indicated that police were aware of over 60 female victims linked to the group, though the convictions related to the rapes of seven girls. Police seized a mobile phone message from one of the perpetrators that read: “When you are feeling down … bash a Christian or Catholic and lift up.”
Statistics
Offender data from the 2017 Quilliam Foundation analysis, together with recent independent investigations, reveal a consistent, disproportionate involvement of Muslim men – overwhelmingly of Pakistani heritage – in group-based CSE.
The 250,000 [victims] figure is not a precise count. No such count exists because the British state has failed to record it. But we may regard it as a conservative estimate that accounts for the organised, repeated nature of the abuse (many girls raped hundreds of times by multiple perpetrators) and decades of institutional concealment.
Analysis of 264 convictions for group-based child sexual exploitation from 2005–2017 found that 84% (222 offenders) were South Asian, with the vast majority Pakistani Muslim. Only 7% were white and 8% black.
Additional context from expert commentary includes statements by Dr. Taj Hargey, an imam at the Oxford Islamic Congregation, who observed that virtually every individual in these grooming gangs appears to be Muslim, estimating that 95% of those involved are of Muslim faith.
As previously stated, Peter McLoughlin’s research indicates that approximately 87% of rape gang convictions were of people with distinctively Muslim names. These figures stand in marked contrast to the much smaller proportion of Pakistani or Muslim communities within the overall population of modern Britain (Muslims approximately 6.5% and Pakistanis around 2.1%, according to the most recent census data). Multiple examinations, including police data from various forces, national audits and independent reviews, have documented this overrepresentation in group-based offending of this nature, even as some earlier official narratives emphasised no single community profile or sought to downplay ethnic patterns.
The number of reported rapes in the United Kingdom has risen substantially since 1997, when the era of large-scale mass immigration into the country commenced under Blair. Official police recorded crime data for England and Wales indicate that rape offences stood at approximately 8,593 in the year 2000 – a figure closely aligned with levels observed in the late 1990s prior to major changes in recording practices. By the year ending March 2025, police recorded that rape offences had increased to over 70,000 according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS), reflecting a rise exceeding 800% even after accounting for population growth of around 15% during the intervening years.
In stark contrast, Poland, which maintained relatively low levels of immigration throughout the same period, has experienced a decline in reported rapes. Polish national police data show 2,399 recorded rape offences in 2000 falling to 1,127 by 2023 – a reduction of more than 50%. With a stable population of approximately 38 million, this equates to a per capita rate of around three rapes per 100,000 residents in recent years, compared with over 100 per 100,000 in the United Kingdom.
These comparative patterns drawn from official sources highlight divergent trends between the two nations. References include the ONS bulletin on sexual offences in England and Wales for the year ending March 2025, the Home Office historical police recorded crime tables, and Eurostat police recorded offences data alongside Polish national statistics compiled via Statista for the period covering 2000 to 2023. Per capita calculations further underscore the scale of the disparity when relative population sizes are considered.
These figures indicate that the rape gangs are a specific ethnoreligious phenomenon, with Muslims – especially Pakistani Muslims – significantly overrepresented.
Featured image: Muslim faithful spill out onto the streets at the BBC Community Centre Mosque for Friday prayers on 31 May 2013 in London, England. Source: Getty Images
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